Clinical Features and Histopathologic Characteristic of Thymomas

Abstract

Background
Thymoma is the most common neoplasm found in thymus gland and is classified into 5 main histopathological types, A, AB, B1, B2,
and B3. Thymomas are most commonly found in the anterior mediastinum and accompanied with myasthenia gravis. The aim of this
study was to find out clinical feature and histopathological characteristics of thymomas in Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty
of Medicine, University of Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (FKUI/RSCM) in 2014-2018.
Methods
This is a descriptive study, using a cross-sectional design. Clinical and histopathological data obtain from the medical records and
archives of the Department of Anatomical Pathology of FKUI/RSCM. Clinical data consists of age, sex, tumor location, clinical
symptom, concomitant disease, metastasis, and treatment. Histopathological assessment consists of histopathology type using World
Health Organization criteria and staging using Masaoka-Koga staging system.
Results
There were 31 thymoma cases matched the inclusion criteria. Nineteen (61.3%) of 31 cases were women. The mean age of the
subjects was 46.7 years old. A total of 12 cases (37.5%) had muscle weakness due to myasthenia gravis as chief complaint and 21
cases (67.7%) of tumor mass in the anterior mediastinum. There 9 cases of type AB and 2 cases of type B2.
Conclusion
Thymoma is more common in women with an average age of 46.7 years. The most common paraneoplastic syndrome is myasthenia
gravis and mostly found in the anterior mediastinum. The most common histopathologic type is type AB, while type B2 is the least.