Relationship between Histomorphological Profile and Endoscopic Pictures of Reflux Esophagitis in Adults

Abstract

Background
Early diagnosis of GERD is very important because chronic reflux esophagitis is a major risk factor for Barrett esophagus, which is a
precursor lesion for esophageal adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency, demographic characteristics,
histomorphological profile based on Esohisto criteria and endoscopic features of reflux esophagitis in FKUI/RSCM in 2016-2018.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Anatomical Pathology Department, Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital from January
2016 to December 2018. Assessment criteria include demographic characteristics, histomorphological profiles, and endoscopic
features. Histomorphological assessment of reflux esophagitis in this study used the Esohisto criteria, by assessing basal cell
hyperplasia, elevated papillae, dilated intercellular spaces and intraepithelial eosinophils. Assessment of the lesion severity is
classified as normal mucosa, mild lesion and severe lesion.
Results
There were 65 cases of reflux esophagitis in adults over a period of 3 years in the Department of Anatomical Pathology
FKUI/RSCM. Reviewing demographic data in January 2016-December 2018. The assessment criteria included demographic
characteristics, histomorphological profiles, and endoscopic features. Histomorphological assessment of reflux esophagitis in this
study used the Esohisto criteria, by assessing basal cell hyperplasia, elevated papillae, dilated intercellular spaces in 65 cases
found 33 cases (50.8%) in men and 32 cases (49.2%) in women, with an average sample age of 56 years. The location of the most
lesions was distal esophagus in 30 cases (46.2%). Clinical manifestations in 13 cases (20%) were esophagitis. The most common
clinical symptoms were dysphagia in 21 cases (32.3%). Most endoscopic features were laryngopharyngeal reflux in 12 cases
(18.5%), followed by grade C esophagitis in 9 cases (13.8%). The lesion severity of reflux esophagitis lesions based on Esohisto
criteria found 37 cases (56.9%) mild lesion followed by severe lesion as many as 28 cases (43.1%)
Conclusion
The Esohisto criteria can be used to help diagnose the lesion severity of reflux esophagitis with endoscopic pictures